Analysis Samsung Electronics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Investigation Samsung Electronics - Case Study Example The organization got known for its moderately ease quality inventive product offerings and had the option to give hardened rivalry to electronic majors like Sony, Nokia, Phillips and so on by constantly concocting ever new highlights in the entirety of its items. There were numerous elements that contributed towards company’s proceeded with administration position on the planet advertise. The premier was its plan of action that depended on speed based inventive items. The organization concentrated on its methodology of creating exploration and designing abilities with the goal that it could improve and ad lib inventively on the electrical and advanced results of Sony, Phillips, Matsushita, and Nokia. Samsung’s capacity to dispatch its own items with included highlights with an incredible speed was a tremendous accomplishment with the objective populace. Samsung had equipped its groups of experts to keep a severe watch on the people’s beat and was, in this way, ready to envision their requests and used to concoct new items and highlights that were begrudged by its adversaries. Another imperative element of its business technique was its engaged methodology towards R&D and using his human asset as capital venture. His group had the option to create tremendous range inside a similar item since they had the option to redo new items around their center plan. He likewise presented the idea of going after item improvement groups which were situated at differing areas, along these lines advancing rivalry with the gathering for advancement. The legitimacy based advancement inside the gathering guaranteed that the best got their levy. High potential representatives were urged to MBA and Ph.D. in the outside nation on company’s costs so master group could be indigenously evolved and encouraged for improved business execution.

Vocational Education Essay Example For Students

Professional Education Essay There are numerous difficulties that a country must face. One is planning theyouth for the vocations of tomorrow. Professional Education readies the youthful peoplefor effective vocations. The logical learning shows ideas as they areapplied, all things considered, and the universe of work, hands-on critical thinking exercises/works out. Connecting auxiliary and post optional professional instruction programs into a seamlesscareer readiness program. Youngsters used to think that its a lot simpler to enter the activity showcase than they do today. We will compose a custom article on Vocational Education explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Most occupations today require a blend of basic reasoning and manual capacities. Businesses are disappointed with the readiness of section level specialists. The employersfeel the extend and improve the profession planning offered by our nationssecondary schools are an unquestionable requirement. WHAT IS WORKINGThe 1994 National Assessment of Vocational Education (NAVE) shows thatparticipation in Vocational Education can have considerable settlements for students,particularly when understudies total a program or sound successions of courses. Secondary school graduates who complete a cognizant succession of professional courses are morelikely to secure preparing related positions, procure more in those occupations, and are more averse to beunemployed after some time than those with a progressively broad foundation. Post secondarystudents who complete non-baccalaureate degree professional projects get moremarket benefits than the individuals who complete a similar number of credits, yet does notMorris 2complete a degree program. As of late, Federal help has fortified state andlocal improvement of promising new methodologies that address the preparation oflarge portions of American youth to take up profitable jobs in todays working environment. The School-to-Work Opportunities Act expands the importance of educational plan by callingfor coordinated learning composed into rational groupings around extensively convergedcareer majors, work understanding, just as scholastics and word related investigation. School-to-work frameworks is driven by the acknowledgment that neither scholastics not occupationaleducation alone gives all understudies the aptitudes ? critical thinking, reasoning,interactive learning-vital for additional training and for high compensation work. Incorporated adapting additionally reestablishes importance and significance to the understudies experience ofschooling. Changing what in such a large number of secondary schools is an incoherent arrangement of coursesinto a seriously incorporated, experientially grounded instruction that continuallydemonstrates to understudies how training applied to reality. Coordinated learning is additionally ateaching methodology that more intently coordinates human discernment than customary high schoolclass work. The advancement of coordinated educational program requires community oriented arranging amongschool directors, scholastics and word related educators, bosses, and worker's guilds. School-to-Work association gatherings likewise give chances to building theseconnections. This system has a drawn out potential for giving understudies withvocational training encounters that raises both their inspiration and achievements,while likewise setting them up for work and post optional instruction. Numerous statesMorris 3across the country are attempted these promising bearings as the foundation for majorreforms to improve workforce planning in optional and post auxiliary instruction. REFERENCESVocational Education, http://www.ed.gov/refreshes/Working/voc-educ. 9/5/97Curriculum Integration in School-to-Work Systems, http://www.stw.ed.gov/factsht/bull,9/5/97

The Great Charlemagne

There was generally little trade in Western Europe. Streets, spans, and the foundation for the most part were non-existent. Moreover, the wide open was dangerous for head out because of an absence of sorted out law requirement. Little towns needed to deal with themselves; hence, producing was continued uniquely to the degree that was expected to flexibly neighborhood needs. In the little realms or territories, the terrains over which a King governed were viewed as the same as other property. Among the Franks, all children were qualified for an offer. In this way, when a King kicked the bucket, every child turned into a King over his own little realm. In this way, numerous political units turned out to be little so there were no uniform laws or arrangements. This absence of solidarity made them defenseless against foes just as struggle from inside. Bullough calls attention to that the unwaveringness of a warrior or subject to his picked pioneer was not a light issue. The creator doesn't differentiate that idea of dedication notwithstanding, with our current thoughts of dependability to the country or establishment. â€Å"The apprenticeship of a King† portrays how Charlemagne picked up power through victory and tact. In 768, King Pippin passed on and his realm was partitioned between his two children. Charles, the senior, and the more youthful was Carloman. The creator says that little is known about Charles† childhood. At the point when he was of the correct age, it is recorded that he worked energetically at riding and chasing. It was the custom of the Franks to ride and be rehearsed in the utilization of arms and methods of chasing. We may sensibly induce that procuring these abilities shaped a significant piece of his initial instruction. Charles was not a â€Å"man of letters† and the creator tries to disclose this other than to call attention to that education was viewed as insignificant around then for anybody other than the church and Charles didn†t become inspired by â€Å"letters† until some other time throughout everyday life. Bullough clarifies various encounters in open obligations and duties, which were doled out to Charles by his dad, hence, giving him an apprenticeship to govern the realm. For reasons unknown pressure among Charles and his sibling started not long after their promotion. The creator clarifies various clashes. The more youthful sibling kicked the bucket notwithstanding, toward the finish of 771 and various noticeable individuals in his realm offered loyalty to Charles. Bullough names and clarifies those subjects. The outcome was the re-joining of those domains, which assisted with setting up the realm of the Franks. The creator portrays in detail the military victories of Charlemagne. The content incorporates maps of the regions and war zones. It is expressed that to certain regions, Charles may have come as a hero from the heathen burden, yet to numerous different people groups who flanked his domains, Christian and Non-Christian the same, he was an abusive adversary, as such a large number of others previously, then after the fact. In 880, Pope Leo III approached Charles for help when he dealt with indictments of simony, prevarication, and infidelity. Charles acted with cautious thought when managing this issue. Charles was approached to manage the Pope†s hearing. He did as such, and Leo was found not guilty. After two days, Leo put a crown on Charles head and announced him Holy Roman Emperor. This gave Charles the â€Å"Devine Right to Rule† as indicated by the Roman Church. The creator doesn't surmise from any of this data. By and by, it appears that Charlemagne joined a domain by victory and managed by the authority of the Pope. Bullough doesn't recommend that during this time the administration and the congregation turned out to be mediated to the point that there were extremely very much the same. Having vanquished a domain and set up the â€Å"Devine Right to Rule†, Charles at that point, as per Bullough, started to build up some consistency inside the realm. The old idea of open request had not been altogether crushed by the attack of savages inside the realm. Yet, as lawfulness got more fragile, its place was somewhat taken by the Churchmen†s Nations of harmony and correct request. The creator clarifies how Charles built up an arrangement of courts to see that equity was done to every free disputant and to ensure widows and vagrants. The creator doesn't express any ends with respect to the consequences of the foundation of a uniform legitimate framework. In spite of the fact that Charles was not proficient, he appears to have put an incentive in training. Bullough credits him with a restoration of learning or a â€Å"Carolingian Renaissance†. Charlemagne saw that training was in genuine decay. So he assembled at his court the absolute best personalities of his day. He likewise supported cloisters where old books were saved and replicated. He changed the royal residence school and saw that devout schools were set up all through the domain. Learning was given a period and a spot to prosper. The â€Å"Carolingian Renaissance† was a confined wonder. Learning didn't burst into flames all through Europe. Just in the illustrious court and religious communities was there any genuine spotlight on training. However in light of Charles† enthusiasm for safeguarding and restoring information, an abundance of antiquated original copies was duplicated for people in the future. Similarly as significant, a convention of learning was set up in European religious networks. These religious communities assisted with beating the danger of the eradication of Latin culture. The Carolingian penmanship that advanced during Charlemagne†s rule was created to expand the intelligibility of the various original copies the priests turned out as of now. These little letters, known as â€Å"Carolingian Miniscule† turned into the premise of the lower case letters we use today. 90% of crafted by antiquated Rome now in presence are protected as original copies replicated in a Carolingian Monastery. Bullough dedicates a lot of time to the territories on craftsmanship and engineering during the Carolingian time frame. Included are photos of structures, which are standing, and being used today. There are additionally ground plan drawings of structures and tests of different centerpieces. Being firmly lined up with the congregation, it isn't astounding that the significant instances of Carolingian engineering are chapels and Biblical outlines make up a great part of the workmanship. These are by all account not the only works. There are likewise numerous common works, for example, â€Å"Charles and his Warriors†. Bullough attempts to isolate legend from the real world. It appears that while Charles endeavored to revive an enthusiasm for learning and join different gatherings into one country, he never tended to the monetary challenges that Europe confronted now that Rome not, at this point outfitted request. Despite the fact that Charlemagne devised the arrangement of pounds, shillings and pence utilized all through Europe during the medieval times and in Britain as of not long ago, different sections of the foundation kept on declining. Streets and extensions fell into rot, exchange was broken, and fabricating was by need a confined specialty rather than an across the board and gainful industry. However, these are just disappointments if Charlemagne†s objective was to modify the Roman Empire. It is far fetched, be that as it may, that that was his intention. Charles was a Frankish Warrior King with the foundation and customs of Germanic people groups. He likely prevailing in his object ives. Charlemagne regarded his domain as his own property and isolated his domain among his children. Possibly he neglected to understand that just with solidarity could the realm become a genuine force, or he set his own wished, and those of his children, over the choices that would best serve the domain. The book is a decent hotspot for explicit data. It's anything but a book that I would recommend perusing for delight. Bullough gives realities and sources however doesn't invigorate thought. I am certain this book would be incredible if the peruser had impressive information on history. The creator makes scarcely any immediate associations or theories with respect to why Charlemagne settled on specific choices and took certain activities or the drawn out impacts of his activities. The creator induces the majority of the ends remembered for this paper in an obscure manner. On occasion, I wound up grabbing for ends with regards to why certain moves were made. This book furnishes the peruser with hard realities about the Middle Ages in Europe. It doesn't permit the peruser to attract numerous speculations with respect to the thoughts and sentiments of the individuals.

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Powerful COMMUNICATION ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example Waving someone through a traffic frames some portion of signals in correspondence, the utilization of motion tenaciously structures some portion of very nearly 60 % of viable correspondence since individuals utilize the greater part of the body parts as additional as words to convey successfully. The utilization of signal differs relying upon culture and class inside the general public. Along these lines, as in the above case, when the respondent turns and makes a move through positive reaction towards an expressive enthusiasm of the sender, at that point compelling correspondence said to have occurred. Furthermore, it is the conviction between the two gatherings who are occupied with the correspondence procedure to call attention to whether the data has been legitimately imparted. At last, the viability of correspondence by waving out somebody in rush hour gridlock is, accordingly, relied upon positive activity or response of the respondent. On the off chance that there is no positi ve activity, at that point, it is esteemed incapable (Kopp and Wachsmuth171) Kopp, Stefan and Wachsmuth, Ipke. Signal in exemplified correspondence and human-PC interaction: eighth International Gesture Workshop, GW 2009, Bielefeld, Germany, February 25-27, 2009; modified chosen papers. Berlin: Springer, 2010.

Risk and Uncertainty in Economics Essay - 1100 Words

Risk and Uncertainty in Economics (Math Problem Sample) Content: Risk and uncertainty in economicsNameAffiliated InstituteDateRisk and uncertainty in economicsThe value of the second alternative is analyzed below:The formula for finding the present value based on the future is provided byThe Future Amountà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s PV=A(1+r)nA represents the amount of annuity while r is the opportunity rate of interest and in the period of years when the amount was received. Basing on this fomularae, the present value of the second alternative can be found by adding the future amount of the two years.Therefore, present value=700000(1+0.08)1 + 700000(1+0.08)2 = $(6, 481,481.48+6,001,371.74)$ 12, 482, 853.22Since the amount provided in one lump sum was only12 million, the second alternative appears to be the best option since it avails students with 12.482 million dollars which is 0.482 more that the lump sum provided in the initial scholarship.BSince the new opportunity rate of interest is 12 percent, the calculation will be modified so as to show the variance of the newly provided parameter.Therefore, the second alternative can be calculated by700000(1+0.12)1 + 700000(1+0.12)2 = $(6, 250, 000 + 5,580,357.14)=11.83 million dollars.Since the amount provided in one lump sum is 12 million dollars, it appear best suit in this new situation as the second option provides 11.83 million dollars that are $ 170, 000 less than the initial option.CIn a real world setting, managers in financial institutions utilize Present Value (NPV/FPV) scales to examine the time value of money (NPV). For instance, availing a service in one year then receiving payment a year later. In such situation, the company provides a service in January 2015 and agrees to pay 100 dollars in January 2016. The time of money will assist the financial manager to understand that component of $ 100 is interest, which is for waiting one year for $ 100. Maybe only $ 80 of the $ 100 is the earned serviced revenue in 2015, and the $ 20 interest will be earned in 2016. When calculating the present value, the managers will eliminate the interest so as to calculate the service revenue. One more real life scenario is dealing with land. The owner of the land may opt to sell it for $120,000 if the money is received today, or opt to be paid $250,000 after one year. At the end of the year, he would earn much more than he would decide to sell the farm today.Problem 2ACash for year1 = (0.2ÃÆ'50) + (0.1ÃÆ'20) + (0.4ÃÆ'30) + (0.3ÃÆ'40) = $36 ...

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Essay Download Pdf - Free Essay Example

Introduction Greenhouse gas emissions, and other forms of environmental pollution, are economic externalities as they impose costs on individuals and communities who did not create the pollution (Jaffe et al, 2005). These economic externalities are side effects that are experienced by individuals not connected with the polluting process (Owen, 2006). As such, the individual or entity from which the pollution originates does not need to reflect the pollution costs within their prices. The problem therefore lies in the associated costs to society that environmental pollution causes. These damages and costs, which include climate change, in the form of biodiversity loss, rising sea levels and extreme weather events, are not paid for by the companies or industries that emit the pollution and so they do not need to factor these costs into the market price of the goods or services that they provide (Muller et al, 2011). The result of this is that society produces and consumes high volumes of pollution-creating products, whilst industries continue to produce these goods and services without having to account for the costs associated with environmental pollution (Frankel and Rose, 2005). This form of market failure is addressed by market-based environmental policies that construct systems which incorporate the costs associated with environmental pollution into the industrys decision making and financial process (Metcalf, 2009). The theoretical basis for these market-b ased policies is that when an industry or other pollution making entity see, and must pay for, the societal cost of pollution, then they will design innovative ways in which to reduce their environmental impact. In addition, the full environmental cost of the products will be reflected in the price, therefore enabling consumers to make informed purchasing decisions (Owen, 2006). The remainder of this document will consider the effectiveness of market-based policies compared with traditional command and control regulations. Command and Control versus Market-Based Policies Traditional command and control policies required polluters to reduce emissions by installing specific technology in order to meet specific performance emission standards (Hepburn, 2006). However, opponents to the command and control mindset state that this form of regulation is inflexible and does not take into consideration that some industries are able to meet these targets at a much lower cost than others (Liu et al, 2014). Additionally, the command and control regulatory approach does not incentivise industries to innovate and reduce their environmental impacts by more than what is required by the standard (Haselip et al, 2015). Conversely, market-based approaches have been reported to provide greater flexibility for industry (Pirard, 2012). However, it is necessary to address the type of pollutant being emitted, as there are some that need to be maintained at a very low level for health-related reasons (Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions, 2012). As such, it may be nec essary to control these types of pollutants with command and control regulations in order to ensure that health-related thresholds are not breached. Greenhouse gases are not harmful on a localised basis. Their effects are only seen when they are globally mixed within the atmosphere and cause damage on a global scale (Meinshausen et al, 2011). As such, many proponents claim that market-based regulatory approaches are particularly appropriate to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (Pirard, 2012; Hrabanski et al, 2013; Boisvert et al, 2013). Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that these policies provide greater compliance flexibility and can reach and improve environmental objectives at much lower overall costs (Boisvert et al, 2013). One key aspect of these market-based policies is that they provide a financial incentive for industry to develop and deploy lower environmental pollution emitting technologies, whilst leaving the private market to decide which technologies can be expande d and utilised (Pirard, 2012). Within this structure, each regulated industry is able to independently choose the most cost-effective method to achieve the required pollution abatement. As previously mentioned, some industries are able to reduce their pollution more easily and cheaply than others, due to the technology or equipment that they are using. This enables them to reduce their pollution more, therefore compensating for those industries who are unable to meet traditional command and control targets due to the costs involved. As such, the overall environmental target can still be achieved but at a much lower societal and industry cost (Pirard, 2012). A good example of the success of market-based policies has been seen within the US. At the federal level, sulphur dioxide emissions have been reduced at a fraction of the original estimated cost (CCES, 2012). In addition, at state level, market-based approaches have been successfully incorporated into cap-and-trade and renewable energy programs to reduce nitrogen oxides and other greenhouse gases (CCES, 2012). The following sections will consider two distinct examples of market-based policies that can control greenhouse gas emissions. Taxes Taxes, that set a price on each unit of pollution, are the most basic form of market-based policies. This pollution tax ensures that the industry producing the pollution pays an additional cost dependent on the amount of pollution that is emitted (Vossler et al, 2013). This cost incentivises the industry to reduce the amount of pollution produced and encourage them to change their processes or incorporate better technology within their production line (Suter et al, 2005). As such, the more emissions that are reduced, the less pollution tax the industry needs to pay. However, it is necessary to calculate the societal cost of the pollution in order to set the price of the tax (Chiroleu-Assouline et al, 2014). This can be a complex process with the societal costs of pollution being difficult to quantify. For example, if the pollution emitted from a certain industry caused a population decline in a commercial shellfishery, then the damages could be based on the lost value of the shellf ish at current market price. However, if the emitted pollution causes the extinction of a species or the destruction of a habitat, it is less clear on how society should assign a financial cost which equates to that loss. In addition, it is necessary to address how the environmental pollution emitted from todays industries can cause damage to future generations and how to quantify these consequences when there are a range of possible outcomes (CCES, 2012). Cap-and-Trade The cap-and-trade approach sees the regulatory authority determining a total quantity of pollution that is acceptable (Betsill and Hoffmann, 2011). This is the cap. Industries are able to trade emission allowances based on their needs. However, there is a limited number of these allowances, so trading comes at a cost (Betsill and Hoffmann, 2011). Each regulated industry holds enough allowances to ensure that the cap is not breached whilst also creating demand for the allowances (Stephan and Paterson, 2012). For some businesses, it may be less costly for them to reduce their emissions than to buy allowances, therefore encouraging them to analyse their polluting activities and reduce their environmental impact. Some businesses are able to reduce their emissions to such an extent that they have excess allowances, which can be either banked for future use or sold to businesses that are struggling to reduce emissions. However, due to the scarcity of the allowances and their tradable nat ure, a price is placed on greenhouse gas emissions (Stephan and Paterson, 2012). This price results in an incentive for businesses to develop innovative technology to reduce emissions, with an added incentive to reduce their emissions to such a level that they can avoid buying allowances or can trade allowances they have been given (Betsill and Hoffmann, 2011). With the latter, businesses are able to raise revenue by selling these excess allowances (Piraud, 2012). This reduced environmental cost can then be passed on to their consumers, with cheaper goods and services, therefore giving them an advantage within the consumer market. Problems with Quantity-based and Price-Based Market Policies Evidence suggests that there is a tradeoff between quantity-based (cap-and-trade) and price-based (pollution tax) approaches (CCES, 2012). This tradeoff is either greater environmental certainty or greater compliance cost certainty. By setting an explicit price on each unit of environmental pollution, the regulated businesses have a high degree of price of certainty (Pizer, 2006). However, what is less certain is the amount of environmental pollution reduction that can be achieved, as each business will respond differently to the tax costs. For example, by placing a tax on each litre of fuel, one company may reduce its fuel consumption by 20%, whilst another company may only reduce its consumption by 2%. As such, it is difficult to estimate what price to place on the tax in order to achieve a specific emission reduction goal. Conversely, with quantity-based market approaches, such as the cap-and-trade program, there is more certainty surrounding the environmental outcomes due to the scarcity of pollution allowances that make up the cap (Pizer, 2006). However, with this environmental certainty comes a cost uncertainty for the businesses emitting the pollution, as the cost of this pollution will be determined by the market price for the allowances (Pizer, 2006). Yet some market-based policies can be designed to allow more certainty for both price and quantity. For example, The Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions (2011) included price floors and allowance reserves, which act as prices ceilings, within the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative in California, in order to give more compliance cost certainty. Revenue Uses from Taxes or Allowance Sales Both price-based and quantity-based regulatory approaches have the potential to raise revenue for the government (Nordhaus, 2007). With environmental taxes, potential revenue raised will equate to the total quantity of greenhouse gas emissions released to the environment within a set timescale multiplied by the price of the tax. With cap-and-trade programs, the amount of revenue generated depends on the price allowances make on the open market and the number of allowances that are offered up for sale (Nordhaus, 2007). Regardless of how these revenues are raised, the benefits to society of this revenue stream are clear. Revenue use examples include the reduction of existing distortionary taxes on capital and labour investments in order to reduce the economy wide cost of the program, and the offset of taxes on the labour markets, individuals and businesses, as seen in both Sweden and British Columbia (Aldy et al, 2008). Nevertheless, some experts suggest that this carbon revenue s hould be used for other purposes. These experts argue that there is a need to address the question of equity in addition to economic efficiency (MacKenzie, 2009). This equity would avoid burdening some households and businesses, particularly if they adopted clean energy approaches, technological adaptation, or positioned themselves within the research and development arena. An example of this can be seen within the member states of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. In this initiative, 100% of allowances are auctioned and 25% of the revenues generated are targeted towards consumer benefit, energy efficiency programs and renewable energy schemes. In total, over the last 7 years, these allowance auctions have generated more than $2 billion (Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, 2015). Conclusion It can be seen from the above narrative that both price-based and quantity-based market approaches to reducing greenhouse gas emissions can be highly successful and popular methods of achieving environmental targets. Environmental taxes ensure that the cost of environmental pollution is covered by the polluter in a polluter pays approach. Each unit of pollution is given a specific price which the polluter has to pay. These costs incentivise the industry to adopt more environmentally friendly approaches in order to reduce their financial outgoings. Cap-and-trade programs have a given number of allowances distributed between businesses within an industry sector. Companies that can produce their goods in a more environmentally friendly manner, which sees them having an excess of allowance, are able to trade these allowances on the open market to companies who are less able to meet environmental targets. However, due to the costs of these allowances, there is an added incentive for bus inesses to adopt, or develop, new technologies that reduce their environmental impact. However, both approaches have their limitations as it is difficult to quantify the financial costs of pollution in order to set a price on environmental taxes, and there are many uncertainties for the environment and for businesses with the cap-and-trade approach. Nevertheless, despite these uncertainties and challenges associated with price setting, it is considered that the flexibility for businesses and potential improvements for the environment by adopting these approaches over the traditional command and control regulation outweigh any negatives. Whilst it is accepted that market-based approaches will not work for all environmental pollutants, for greenhouse gases, which cause effects on a global scale, the evidence suggests that these approaches will encourage innovation and incentivise businesses to adopt best available technology. References Aldy, J. E., Ley, E., Parry, I. (2008). A Taxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"Based Approach to Slowing Global Climate Change. National Tax Journal, 493-517. Betsill, M., Hoffmann, M. J. (2011). The contours of cap and trade: the evolution of emissions trading systems for greenhouse gases. Review of Policy Research, 28(1), 83-106. Boisvert, V., MÃÆ' ©ral, P., Froger, G. (2013). Market-based instruments for ecosystem services: institutional innovation or renovation? Society Natural Resources, 26(10), 1122-1136. Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (2011), Climate 101: Cap and Trade. Available online at https://www.c2es.org/publications/climate-change-101/cap-trade accessed 26 September 2015. Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions. (2012). Market mechanisms; understanding the options. Available online at https://www.c2es.org/publications/market-mechanisms-understanding-options accessed 26 September 2015. Chiroleu-Assouline, M., Fodha, M. (2014). From regressive pollution taxes to progressive environmental tax reforms. European Economic Review, 69, 126-142. Frankel, J. A., Rose, A. K. (2005). Is trade good or bad for the environment? Sorting out the causality. Review of Economics and Statistics, 87(1), 85-91. Haselip, J., Hansen, U. E., Puig, D., TrÃÆ' ¦rup, S., Dhar, S. (2015). Governance, enabling frameworks and policies for the transfer and diffusion of low carbon and climate adaptation technologies in developing countries. Climatic Change, 131(3), 363-370. Hepburn, C. (2006). Regulation by prices, quantities, or both: a review of instrument choice. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 22(2), 226-247. Hrabanski, M., Bidaud, C., Le Coq, J. F., MÃÆ' ©ral, P. (2013). Environmental NGOs, policy entrepreneurs of market-based instruments for ecosystem services? A comparison of Costa Rica, Madagascar and France. Forest Policy and Economics, 37, 124-132. Jaffe, A. B., Newell, R. G., Stavins, R. N. (2005). A tale of two market failure s: Technology and environmental policy. Ecological Economics, 54(2), 164-174. Liu, Z., Mao, X., Tu, J., Jaccard, M. (2014). A comparative assessment of economic-incentive and command-and-control instruments for air pollution and CO2 control in Chinas iron and steel sector. Journal of Environmental Management, 144, 135-142. MacKenzie, D. (2009). Making things the same: Gases, emission rights and the politics of carbon markets. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 34(3), 440-455. Meinshausen, M., Smith, S. J., Calvin, K., Daniel, J. S., Kainuma, M. L. T., Lamarque, J. F., Van Vuuren, D. P. P. (2011). The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300. Climatic Change, 109(1-2), 213-241. Metcalf, G. E. (2009). Market-based policy options to control US greenhouse gas emissions. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(4), 5-27. Muller, N. Z., Mendelsohn, R., Nordhaus, W. (2011). Environmental accounting for pollution in the United States eco nomy. The American Economic Review, 1649-1675. Nordhaus, W. D. (2007). To tax or not to tax: Alternative approaches to slowing global warming. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 1(1), 26-44. Owen, A. D. (2006). Renewable energy: Externality costs as market barriers. Energy Policy, 34(5), 632-642. Pirard, R. (2012). Market-based instruments for biodiversity and ecosystem services: A lexicon. Environmental Science Policy, 19, 59-68. Pizer, W. A. (2006). 38 Choosing Price or Quantity Controls for Greenhouse Gases. The RFF Reader in Environmental and Resource Policy, 9(1), 225-227. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) (2015). CO2 Budget Trading Program Auction Results. Available online at https://www.rggi.org/market/co2_auctions/results accessed 26 September 2015. Stephan, B., Paterson, M. (2012). The politics of carbon markets: an introduction. Environmental Politics, 21(4), 545-562. Suter, J., Poe, G., Schulze, W., Segerson, K., Vossler, C. (20 05). Beyond optimal linear tax mechanisms: an experimental examination of damage-based ambient taxes for nonpoint polluters. In Selected Paper prepared for presentation at the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Providence, Rhode Island, July 24 (Vol. 27). Vossler, C. A., Suter, J. F., Poe, G. L. (2013). Experimental evidence on dynamic pollution tax policies. Journal of Economic Behavior Organization,93, 101-115.

Adidas Future Plan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 793 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/23 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Topics: Adidas Essay Did you like this example? 32 ADIDAS INDIA MARKETING PRIVATE LIMITED Background adidas was founded by Adi Dassler in 1948. It remained a family firm till 1988, when it was transformed into a corporation. The adidas Group is the world’s second-largest sporting goods company and had net sales of US$ 7. 74 billion in 2004. adidas’ product range includes shoes, apparel and accessories for basketball, golf, soccer, fitness and training. The company has over 14,000 employees, 110 subsidiaries and sources from 840 factories across the world. 0 per cent of the company’s suppliers are based in Asia. In 1997, adidas acquired the Salomon group and the name got changed to Adidas-Salomon AG. The name is expected to change to â€Å"Adidas AG† in May 2006 following the acquisition of Reebok. adidas started in India in 1996 as a joint venture with Magnum Trading, with adidas holding 80 per cent stake. Since December 1995 it has been a 100 per cent subsidiary of the parent company. adidas se lls three brands in India – adidas,Taylormade and Maxfli. It sources from 16 factories which employ 3,800 people in India. It retails accessories such as footballs and water bottles in addition to footwear and apparel. adidas has a 25-30 per cent share of the premium footwear market in the country. The market is estimated to be growing at 15-20 per cent annually. The six metros account for nearly 40 per cent of adidas’ sales, but the smaller towns are also playing an important role and showing very healthy growth. Entered India as part of global strategy adidas decided to enter India as part of the company’s global strategy – to take direct control of the markets in Asia. The domestic demand was not high when the company started India operations. In the first 9 years, India was the smallest sub-division in Asia, in terms of revenue. The company believed that India had the potential to become a huge market considering India’s large young popul ation and the changing demographics. Currently out of the 13 subsidiaries in Asia, India is ranked number 7 and the management believes it has the potential to climb up to number 3. The merger with Reebok will strengthen adidas in India. In most countries, adidas is significantly bigger than Reebok. However in India, Reebok has a larger share of the market. 33 Keys to success adidas’ success factors include strength in supply chain management, cutting edge technology, a strong retail network and effective advertising. India provides advantages in terms of lower labour costs and a highly-skilled work force. However, attracting and retaining the right people is a challenge in a highly competitive job market. Retailers are willing to invest money in setting up showrooms but generally their understanding of retailing is poor. Focused approach to the market and support from parent company adidas entered India with aggressive marketing campaigns. It brought in Indian sports i cons Sachin Tendulkar and Leander Paes to endorse the brand. The parent company has been very supportive. The top management had the belief and commitment that it would weather the initial loss-making years, before India could gain critical mass and become a profitable operation. Association with sports events helped in building awareness adidas has been promoting sports such as tennis and cricket at various levels. The company aggressively promotes tennis in India as a part of the firm’s strategy to drive growth by identifying and developing key performance sports in India. It promotes tennis at three levels the recognition of young talent through scholarships, sponsorship and association with key tennis events in the country and the launch of high performance tennis sportswear. demand reaches a threshold. adidas’ strategy has been just the reverse. Now after establishing itself in India as a sales and marketing organisation, it is planning to set up a global proc urement base for international markets. The company is targeting four-fold sales growth from Indian operations within the next three years (2006-09). The targeted revenues from Asia are to exceed US$ 2. 38 billion by 2008, doubling the 2004 sales figure. After China, which is the current growth driver in Asia, adidas expects India to be the next powerhouse, which will drive regional growth over the next 3 to 8 years. India is a significant market for adidas and it plans to have 200 to 300 more franchisee showrooms by 2006. It is also exploring the option of transferring technology and know-how to manufacture high-end footwear in India. didas India: At a glance †¢ For adidas, India is: a strategically important growth market †¢ Factors for success: Supply Chain Management, Cutting edge technology, Aggressive approach to market, Association with sports events and personalities †¢ Future plans: Four-fold sales growth in next three years, Add more showrooms, Launch new products Future plans adidas has plans to make India the hub for its South Asian operations. Most companies which start operations in a new country, initially set up their sourcing office and start selling when the local Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Adidas Future Plan" essay for you Create order

Depiction Of Marriage Norms In Dolls House - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 900 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: A Doll's House Essay Did you like this example? The play ?A Dolls house is a three-act play written by Henrik Ibsen in 1879 in Norway, Europe. The play is important for its critical perspectives toward nineteenth century marriage norms. In A Dolls House, Ibsen paints a bleak picture of the sacrificial roles held by women of all classes in his society. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Depiction Of Marriage Norms In Dolls House" essay for you Create order He is known as the father of the new genre in drama realism. Ibsen really portrayed what life is it like especially for women living in a patriarchal society. Its standard classification of gender roles and expectations it holds for a woman as a wife and a mother and as well as that of a man as a husband. The play lights up many flaws in the society in its structure and the expectation it has for individuals in relationships. There are many central themes in the play for discussion some of which are relevant to discuss in this paper are marriage, identity, infantilism, gender, rebellion etc. Torvald and Nora are a couple with three children and their family fits the structure of a perfect middle-class family in their time. But this family picture of theirs became shattered when Krogstad in a letter revealed Norars secret to her husband who reacts to it in a way that awakened the other side of Nora that has never been nurtured. She realizes the life of illusion and decides to leave her husband and children to go and construct her identity. Nora forged a signature to borrow money from Krogstad to save her husbandrs life. When Krogstad found out he was going to lose his job to Mrs. Linde, a friend of Norars, he used the bond to blackmail Nora to persuade Torvald to let him keep his job in the bank. In a bitter sweet ending, Helmerrs relationship was broken but Krogstad and Mrs. Linde on the other hand rekindled a romantic relationship they had had in the past. Marriage is one of the earliest structured institutions that spells out the various roles of the individuals involved. In a happy marriage in the nineteenth century, I would say, marriage in the Victorian era, women played roles than being themselves. They were to be obedient, subservient, the spiritual leader of the family, a guide to her children and most importantly a good support to her husband. Her goal was to maintain peace and comfort in the home and satisfy her husbandrs ego which typically includes sacrificing her agency and keeping her dependency on her husband. In the play, Nora exemplifies the conventional feminine standards of the time. She seems to be powerless, has no agency and confines herself through patriarchal expectations, that signifies a womanrs social role at that time, that is, just be a good wife and a mother. The man on the other hand is the breadwinner, provider and the decision maker. And here, Torvald exemplifies the conventional masculine standards of t he time. The society locks women and men into two separate worlds. The former in domesticity and the latter in a domineering state. In A Dolls House, the Helmers each had a unique role in their marriage. Nora, like every other woman in the Victorian Era played a role in which they supported their husbands, took care of their children, and made sure everything was perfect in and around the house- though with the help of a maid. Torvald provided the security of his family. Torvald treats Nora as his little irresponsible child who needs guidance all the time while Nora treats him as the man of the house who has the authority to do anything he wants and have things done his way. The play revealed some of the restrictions on women during the 19th century and the many problems it posed on them. The play, through Torvald makes us see through the filter of societyrs perception of women. One of the fundamental differences between men and women is that men are rational beings and women more hysterical. Gender roles are based on norms, or standards, created by the society. In a patriarchic society, masculine roles have commonly been related with strength, aggression, and dominance, while feminine roles have traditionally been related with passivity, nurturing, and subordination. This means that society has made women to look fragile and view them as a people who need masculine help and direction. They teach women to also accept their inferiority to men. In the play, in her husbandrs eyes, Nora is nothing but one silly woman. She is called several diminutive, childlike names by Torvald throughout the play. He invariably from the beginning of Act One, made a habit of addressing his wife, Nora, using terms that highlight her diminutive size and helpless condition. Some of which include my little songbird, squirrel, lark, my little featherhead, my little skylark, little person, little woman or a cute scatterbrain whose thoughts are nonsensical and typical of any other woman. Torvald constantly used the modifier little before the names he calls Nora. These all usually followed the possessive my, signaling his belief that Nora is his possession. This is typical in most marriages of the time and even now. Throughout the play, Torvald looked down upon Nora and treats her as one of his possessions. She is something used for his satisfaction. She also accepts and plays along with him sometimes quoting and referring to herself by the pet names to make requests.

Shangri-La Case Study - 1881 Words

1.0 INTRODUCTION: SHANGRI-LA HOTELS RESORTS [pic] The hospitality industry constitutes an economic sector with the fastest growth worldwide. At present, the industry continues to receive recognition as a profitable and progressive industry. The hospitality industry offers diverse opportunities for employees and varied services and features to customers. This means that overall industry actual and potential provisions are unlimited, which accounts for continuous shifts or adjustments contributing to industry viability. Diversity in employment and service offerings of the international hospitality industry has resulted to the higher number of people employed in the hospitality industry more than in manufacturing firms.†¦show more content†¦The culture also encouraged employees to take responsibility for customers’ satisfaction. Shangri-La Care Shangri-La Philosophy was to develop local talent to world class expectation. The company launched its culture training program. î€ Care Module 1: Shangri-La Hospitality from caring people. î€ Care Module 2: Delighting Customer î€ Care Module 3: Recover to Gain Loyalty î€ Care Module 4: Take Ownership Compensation System The three-tier compensation structure was designed to support organizational goals at various levels. At the first level, which included hotel general managers and division heads, compensation included a salary and a bonus. The bonus was tied to financial results (i.e., gross operating profit and gross operating revenue attainment) to help hotels reach goals. Compensation for the second tier, which included level two and three employees, was linked to financial results and, more specifically, to customer satisfaction and customer loyalty scores, which were key indicators of how well Shangri-La executed its strategy. In the third tier, which included level four and five employees, there was a common bonus pool that linked compensation not to individual performance, but to overall property performance. Career Path The company’s career path was designed toShow MoreRelatedShangri-La Case Study2914 Words   |  12 PagesShangri-La Hotels Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts is a deluxe Asian hotel chain and was founded in 1971 in Singapore by the Malaysian-Chinese tycoon Robert Kuok. The name Shangri-La means â€Å"eternal youth, peace and tranquility† and embodied the serenity and service for which the hotel chain was renowned throughout the world. As of 2006, Shangri-La had four main business segments: hotel ownership and operations, property development including commercial buildings and serviced apartments, hotel managementRead MoreShangri-La Case Study2398 Words   |  10 Pages1. What are the key elements of Shangri-La Hotel’s strategy? Which of the five generic competitive strategies described in Chapter 5 is the company employing? What is Shangri-La’s strategy for competing internationally? Firstly, the elements involved in a company’s strategy can be separated into two categories: internal and external ones. Based on our research, we believe that the key elements that in Shangri-La’s strategy are the internal ones that include management, organisation culture, employeeRead MoreAnalysis of Shangri-La Hotels3173 Words   |  13 Pages 2. Overview of Shangri-La Hotels amp; Resorts ----------------------------------------- 1 3. Board environment analysis -------------------------------------------------------- 2-3 4. Organizational resources of Shangri-La ----------------------------------------- 4-5 5. Hotels’ Strategies -------------------------------------------------------------------------6 6. 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But most studies of TV travel programs are with the attention being given to tourism management and tourism economy, there has been few studies on the cross-cultural communication of travel programs. Therefore, the study of Travelogue’s past prosperity and today’s running state in the perspective of cross-cultural communication may fill the research blank. In this paper, the author lays points on both content and format of the program. Firstly, theme study of content includes the geographicalRead MoreScientific Management vs Human Relations1608 Words   |  7 Pagesworkers’ social welfare, needs, and health will increase the productivity, as Mayo saw the worker as a ‘Social Man’. That feeling of importance also meant workers were generally happier, which in turn enhanced their work output, as proven in Hawthorne study. According to Taylor, scientific management uses stopwatch method to get standard time and standard output of work. Taylor measured the time taken to complete certain task and made it the standard time for every worker. All unnecessary movementsRead MoreHotel Continental Case Study2318 Words   |  10 PagesCase Study: Hotel Continental Prepared by: William Andrew G. Bulaqueà ±a Ricci A. Tilos Nympha Marie R. Rubin Sheila Mae N. Chua Tristram A. Gamo John Paul T. Antiquiera Safie Jane M. Ayco MGT 12-G Prepared for: Asst. Prof. Dina Wong – Remoto HOTEL CONTINENTAL In July 1989, Mr. Oscar Mendoza, owner of Triumph Tours read in the newspapers an advertisement for the leasing of Hotel Continental’s facilities. During the last six months, Oscar Mendoza has been seriously thinking aboutRead MoreOnline User Generated Content ( Ugc ) Essay2241 Words   |  9 PagesConsequences of Negative Comments Recent studies analysing the effects of negative comment suggest that they influence both customer’s decisions and hotel’s sales (Blal Sturman, 2014; Shivagangadhar et al, 2015; Min et al, 2014; Oguta Cezara, 2012). Internet technology has become commonplace and most individuals use the internet to search for or provide information. This explains the popularity of travel review wesites such as TripAdvisor and Expedia. A 2013 study conducted by TripAdvisor and PhoCus

Biography of Abraham Lincoln - 1047 Words

Abraham Lincoln was a self-educated lawyer who did not support slavery. He surprised many people when he became the 16th President mainly because he beat out several promising contenders. During the Civil War Lincoln became quite brilliant with military strategy and an excellent wartime leader. With the Union on the brink of victory Lincoln became a martyr when he was shot and killed by a Confederate sympathizer by the name of John Wilkes Booth. Over time Lincoln became known as one of the greatest Presidents of all time. Abraham Lincoln was born February 12 1809 in Hardin County Kentucky to Thomas and Nancy Lincoln. In 1816 his family moved to southern Indiana. Lincoln had little formal education due to the fact that he ahd to work to help support his family. Lincolns’ mother died when he was only nine, and as a young boy he took that pretty rough. Abraham quickly began to resent his father for all the work that was placed on him at a young age. His father remarried a Kentucky widow with three children of her own. Although Lincolns’ parents were probably illiterate, Sarah encouraged Abraham to read. It wasn’t till he was a young man that he received most of his formal education. It would come in days or weeks at a time. Books were scarce in the backwoods of Indiana, so Lincoln would read the Bible or other popular books of that time such as Robinson Crusoe and several others. In 1830, Lincolns’ family moved to Macon County, Illinois. At the age of 22 when his fatherShow MoreRelatedBiography of Abraham Lincoln1491 Words   |  6 PagesBiography of Abraham Lincoln Dominique Bailey Table of Contents Page 3 – Introduction Page 4 – Early Life Page 5 – Law Career Page 6 – Entering Politics Page 7 – Elected President Page 8 – Emancipation Proclamation - Civil War Page 9 – Reconstruction - Assassination Page 10 – Conclusion Page 11 – Bibliography 3 Introduction Read MoreA Brief Biography of Abraham Lincoln620 Words   |  3 PagesAbraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky, United States of America and died on April 15, 1865. Throughout his life, Abraham showed an excessive amount of influence on not only the U.S.A. but the whole world. I have made this biography to tell about the life of this international hero. Abraham was an only child who grew up in poverty with his father, Thomas Lincoln, who was a carpenter and mother, Nancy Hanks, who died in 1818. Shortly after Nancy’s death, Thomas married Sarah JohnstonRead MoreBiography of Abraham Lincoln2539 Words   |  10 Pagesand Nancy Lincoln welcomed their first son, Abraham, into the world. Abraham was named after his grandfather who was killed by Indians in 1786 near Nolin Creek in Hardin County, Kentucky. (Stone 8) Young Abraham spent the first few years in Nolin Creek but by the age of two his father, in search of better farming land, moved them a few miles away to Knob Creek. Lincoln’s family was against slavery even though at one time his family had owned slaves. They gave up that practice before Lincoln was bornRead MoreA Brief Biography on Abraham Lincoln Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln â€Å"Abraham Lincoln caught the publics attention for a long time as he presented a great role model for all Americans. 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Thomas, Abraham Lincoln: A Biography (Southern Illinois University Press, 2008). †¢ David Herbert Donald, We Are Lincoln Men: Abraham Lincoln and His Friends (Simon Schuster, 2004). †¢ Roy Morris Jr., The Long Pursuit: Abraham Lincoln’s Thirty-Year Struggle with Stephen Douglas for the Heart and Soul of America (Bison Books, 2010). 5. Similar Articles: †¢ Mary Frances Berry, â€Å"Lincoln and Civil Rights for Blacks,† Volume 2, Issue 1, 1980, pp. 46-57 (Journal of The Abraham Lincoln Association)Read MoreLincoln Memorial Essay1004 Words   |  5 PagesHaving only read about the Lincoln memorial, I never had the chance to experience the sensation of being inside such an honorable place of importance. The imposing white marble walls of the memorial and the many people surrounding it could be seen from afar. Arriving at the location, an unknown feeling came over me. I was experiencing history in a whole different level. When I think about a memorial, the term remembrance comes to mind. Seeing the statue of Abraham Lincoln brought pieces of memoriesRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The President That Held Our Nation Together1017 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln Research Paper Abraham Lincoln. The president that held our nation together. Lincoln’s early life. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in a log cabin in Hardin County Kentucky, to his parents Thomas Lincoln, and mother Nancy Lincoln. They moved around and eventually settled in the back-woods of Indiana. They lived in a small cabin in the back-country of Indiana. As said by biography.com, â€Å"where the family squatted on public land to scrap out a living in a crudeRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1191 Words   |  5 PagesDavis March 21, 2015 Abraham Lincoln was one of the greatest presidents in the United States. He started out his career in a humble settings in a one room log cabin to becoming the President. His dedication to learning more where he self taught himself law while working as a shopkeeper and poastmaster. He finally took the bar exam where he passed it which was the first step of many that he took on his way to becoming the President. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in

Orientalism and Cultural Translation †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Orientalism and Cultural Translation. Answer: Introduction: From this entry it can be stated that the observable aspects in cultural practice can be identified easily. These include the visible characteristics such as food habits, costumes, music and dance and the religious festivals. Whereas the non observable culture contradicts the other one as it is not visible and expressed in open. These include the mental cognition and thoughts or behavior of an individual (Hassan, 2014). For instance the observable aspect in the Arabian culture is the consumption of Khabees and the non- observable aspect includes intangible greeting between men and women. A metaphor refers one thing as another such as the behavior of an individual varies from one culture to another. If one cultural gesture is acceptable in a country that does not mean it will be acceptable in Saudi Arabia. For instance the use of technology during meal is considered as a sign of disrespect in Arabian countries whereas it is not the same in other countries (Kinloch Metge, 2014). Individual behavior can be identified as my preference to watch television while taking meal. Cultural behavior can be identified as my nature of getting offended when anyone comments on my culture. Universal behavior can be recognized as the annoyance of my parents when I become disobedient. Personal identity refers my confidence and honesty as an individual. Cultural identity refers to my pride in wearing burqa as a part of the religious custom. Social identity refers to the admiration done by my friend for my straight forward nature. Personal identity is the most important as it portrays my original self and my reaction towards society and my culture. I can call myself a proud Emirate as I feel blessed to be a part of its rich history and culture (Kumar, Seay Karabenick, 2015). Culture critic refers to the acceptance of ones own culture even after knowing that there is fault and defect. A cultural critic only thinks from his own view point and is not attentive to others opinion. Cultural learner refers to the individuals who pass on information about culture and belief within the society. A person who has a high trans- cultural intelligence can be a good culture learner. For instance, I as an individual did not go my parents decision of becoming an engineer and chose business management instead. I am a typical cultural critic as I do not prefer others opinions and aim to follow my own way (Moran, Abramson Moran, 2014). The three colors of worldview refer to the understanding of a situation and creating an impression at the first sight. Honor/shame, guilt/ innocence and power/ fear are the factors or colors which need to be observed before taking any decision. For instance, I as an Emirati value time which I have learnt from my family and society. I have also seen my sister not relying on one decision but consulting more than one expert (Mosolkova, Mardanshina Kalganova, 2015). The Spanish people find it extremely casual to leave their own country for extra perks and benefits. According to them, culture and education was not considered as the most important factor as punctuality. They have a fascination for seafood and enjoyed all kinds of festivals. They are not strictly restricted to the indigenous food and want the next generation to adapt to English language. I, as an Emirati found that my idea about family and culture differed from her. Although both of our culture respects punctuality but I love my indigenous food more than any other dishes. We consider education as the most important thing and also pay tribute to our own religious festivals. I am extremely possessive about my own culture, food, language and festivals so I want my children tp learn only the native language. In the second interview the Iraqi said that UK has become his hometown since he had shifted there for better job opportunities. His thinking about culture was aimed towards tradition and religion which gives an undoubted statement that education is important in their culture. Whether it is food or festival, he is attracted towards the Iraqi and British dishes as well as the celebration of both the religion. Although an Iraqi by birth he spoke about the misconception regarding UK but was unable to do so regarding Iraq. Each of his answer in the interview reflected his obsession for his second hometown. My culture was similar to that of Iraqi culture in terms of physical contact among people with which they are comfortable. But irrespective of our culture both of us are obedient and respectful to our rulers and superiors. From the two interview of two different individual who are demarcated by their culture, I observed that they are not passionate about their cultural characteristics like me. I feel myself proud as an Emirati and respect my tradition (Prayag Hosany, 2014). Reference Hassan, W. S. (2014).Immigrant Narratives: Orientalism and Cultural Translation in Arab American and Arab British Literature. Oxford University Press. Kinloch, P., Metge, J. (2014).Talking past each other: problems of cross cultural communication. Victoria University Press. Kumar, R., Seay, N., Karabenick, S. A. (2015). Immigrant Arab adolescents in ethnic enclaves: Physical and phenomenological contexts of identity negotiation.Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology,21(2), 201. Moran, R. T., Abramson, N. R., Moran, S. V. (2014).Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Mosolkova, M. G., Mardanshina, R. M., Kalganova, G. F. (2015). Color palette of Emily Dickinson worldview: Linguistic and Literary approach.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,6(1 S3), 331. Prayag, G., Hosany, S. (2014). When Middle East meets West: Understanding the motives and perceptions of young tourists from United Arab Emirates.Tourism Management,40, 35-45.

Conan Doyle’S Stories Essay Thesis Example For Students

Conan Doyle’S Stories Essay Thesis Arthur Conan Doyle first started writing detective stories from as early as 1859 in Victorian times. He and many others pioneered a genre of fiction that remains among the most popular today (Edgar Allan Poe, Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins, J. S. Le Fanu). His writing continued till The First World War and so reflects the world of the 19th Century rather then this one. From the rise of large cities in the 1800s new city dwellers started to become fascinated by crime and started to romanticize as well as read about crime. The idea of detection and the figure of the detective that would eventually stand at the centre of the genre were introduced in the early 19th century by a Frenchman, Francois-Eugene Vidocq. When Vidocqs memoirs were published in France in 1828, they were immediately popular and translated into English. Interest in England in crime stories blended with a strong, existing genre called the Gothic novel. The Gothic influence is said to account for the dark settings, unfathomable motivations, and preoccupation with brilliant or unexpected solutions in the detective genre. Among English writers, Vidocq most influenced Charles Dickens, who created the first famous detective in English fiction, Inspector Bucket in Bleak House. In the United States, Edgar Allen Poe read Dickens and Vidocq. In five stories written between 1840 and 1845, Poe laid out the basics of the detective story. In The Murders in the Rue Morgue, Poe introduced his eccentric detective, C. Auguste Dupin, whose solutions were chronicled by an amiable narrator. Dupin successfully solved the crime by taking a step further and reading the evidence in a different manner then the police. This clearly shows us the importance of observing any change that may have been overlooked and looking into each piece of evidence as an important factor in the case. In England by contrast, the detective genre underwent a more analytic, stylised development, exemplified in the work of Arthur Conan Doyle. His study in scarlet (1887) introduced the sturdy Watson and the decayed aesthete Sherlock Holmes. Conan Doyle adopted Poes formulae, cut his elaborate introductions, restating them in conversational exchanges between his two chief characters, and emphasised Poes least realistic feature: the deduction of astonishing conclusions from trifling clues.

The Nation Takes Shape Essay Example For Students

The Nation Takes Shape Essay The Nation Takes Shapeby Marcus Cunliffepublished by the University of Chicago Press1789-1800Bobby EarlMs. C. LoveFebruary 12, 1998The period of time from 1789 to 1839 was an age of growth for the United States of America; the United States grew bigger and better in general, it expanded into the West, and its commerce and industry also grew substantially. This is in part because of the great political leaders such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Andrew Jackson, but also in part of growing national pride and the yearning to become a successful nation. America grew larger and improved greatly in the first half century of its life. The territory of the United States tripled in size as America bought large amounts of property from other nations, and the number of the states in the Union doubled. The population doubled twice from around four million people to almost sixteen million people, and by the year 1840 rolled around. American exports also quadrupled in size to about $80 million dollars in profit. The national debt from earlier years was completely paid off in this time period; a feat that has not been accomplished since. An Army and Navy were established to protect the country, and judiciary, legislative, and executive departments of the government were formed with the ratification of the Constitution of the United States of America. Transportation became much easier in America by 1840. Approximately 2500 miles of canals and 3000 miles of railroads had been constructed. Harbors, lighthouses, and dry docks had also greatly incr eased in number to aid the seafarers. In the first fifty years of its history, almost all parts of America grew enormously, from schools to post offices to forts. America was a becoming a stronger nation in a world of giants. We will write a custom essay on The Nation Takes Shape specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Another area of American growth was the West. As the Constitution was being signed, virtually no one lived on the western side of the Appalachian mountains. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the United States in size, however, and people soon started to expand into the empty space. At first, the thirteen original states argued over land boundaries from the colonial times. Eventually, they all ceded the controversial land to the United States government. The American government soon issued the Northwest Ordinance to deal with the land in the northwest. The ordinance divided up the territory into townships of thirty-six square mile sections. Each square mile would be sold at about $640. The ordinance also set the requirements the territory had to meet to be given a non-voting representative in Congress and to be eligible for statehood. The Northwest Ordinance also outlawed slavery in the Northwest Territory. There were other residents of this territory, however. Many Native Americans were pushed out after Mad Anthony Wayne defeated them at Fallen Timbers. Also, Jays Treaty prevented the British from intervening in the Northwest Territory any longer. This eradication of non-Americans left room for many more people to move west and gave them a more secure feeling of safety. There were quite a few more reasons that people wanted to move out west. One of the reasons was because of the lack of farming land in the east. In the Northeast the soil was too rocky and poor to be able to sustain profitable farms. In the middle states, the soil was being eroded away; the tobacco plantations were ruining the soil in the South. Another reason was because the ideal of Manifest Destiny, the belief that the United States should reach from coast to coast, was becoming more popular. For these reasons and more, the population in the West grew rapidly, and the empty territories quickly became states. .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c , .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .postImageUrl , .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c , .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c:hover , .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c:visited , .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c:active { border:0!important; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c:active , .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufec48c09fba3d78101b9d95c9a37f92c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: ABRAHAM LINCOLN One of the Gre EssayAnother area in which America grew considerably was in commerce and industry. Before the Revolution, the colonies and Britain had established a relationship in which the colonies would export many raw products to Britain, and Britain would export many finished products to America. After the Revolution, Britain remained the United States most valuable trading partner, but America also opened up to some new foreign markets, such as those in Latin America, the Mediterranean, and the Far East, areas economically controlled by major European powers. Between the years of 1793 to 1815, wars raged on in Europe, and both sides wanted American pro ducts. After the wars ended, the American market became even more fruitful. The plentiful timber supply and shipbuilding experience made the United States a leading producer in small, inexpensive sailing vessels. As America grew economically, so did its cities. Philadelphia was the largest city in 1790, but around 1820 New York became the largest city in America. New York strived to be the economic capital of America, and it slowly rose, leaving competing cities far behind. With such economic endeavors, America continued to significantly grow in the first half century of its history. As one can clearly see, one of Americas greatest eras of growth was in its first half century of history. An interesting fact one could find in the book The Nation Takes Shape is that by 1840 the frontier was moving west at an average of seventeen miles a year. Another fascinating point found in this book is that Noah Webster was challenged for including the words locate and location in the dictionary. A third enthralling detail is that many people bought land in small cities in the 1820s for about a dollar an acre, but by the 1940s, some of the land, in cities such as Chicago, had jumped to becoming worth over $3000. In conclusion, the first fifty years of Americas history were extremely important, for it was one of the periods of time in which America grew bigger and better in general, expanded into the West, and grew substantially in commerce and industry. History Essays

Essay Sample Example - Why You Should Write Your Own

Essay Sample Example - Why You Should Write Your OwnAn essay sample is a great idea for you to put in your own. There are a lot of things that can be done with them. You can use it as an assignment for your child and his grade or make it a kind of lecture to a class that you are giving a presentation on. Or, you can even use it for practice.The lesson here is to write your essay with your own personal expression and passion so that it will convey what you really feel. It is the only way that you can express yourself well, so it would be good if you make it a habit to write a good one first.What kind of writing do you want to write? Do you want to put a sense of humor into it? Are you into academic topics or perhaps, just want to throw out something that will make you laugh? Well, here is the perfect example for you.A sure shot way to go about this is to make a topic in a way that it can make you laugh. There are many subjects that can do this such as a guy that is making a speech and wants to address to his boss, for example.This can work for a very good reason because if the main idea of the topic you made it in is too serious, then the whole point will just be drowned by the seriousness. So, make sure you have a way to have fun with it. Make it funny.Another thing to do is to make your writing more appealing. How can you make it more appealing? Here is the perfect example for you.The problem is not in the form, but it is in the emotional state that it was made with. So, inthat case, what you need to do is give your readers something that will make them enjoy your writing. Write an essay sample example that will encourage your readers to finish reading the whole piece.In this way, you will have readers that will take it as much as you want to take them. With this kind of article, you will know that your writing is highly appealing and those who read your writing will surely be captivated. Those are what can be called good reasons to write your own essay.

Evaluate psychographic segmentation as a basis for effective marketing in the UK car industry Essays

Evaluate psychographic segmentation as a basis for effective marketing in the UK car industry Essays Evaluate psychographic segmentation as a basis for effective marketing in the UK car industry Paper Evaluate psychographic segmentation as a basis for effective marketing in the UK car industry Paper Essay Topic: Marketing Analyzing the market involves determining how strong the market is and in what ways it is changing. Segmentation involves breaking apart a large market into smaller groups which share certain characteristics and behaviours. The third stage is selecting target market(s) and matching the 4Ps of the marketing mix (price, product, place and promotion) to the need of the selected segment(s) and, finally, positioning the product being market, whether it is a car, food, or clothing, in the minds of the consumers. If the above marketing process is carried out successfully, then we have effective marketing. This essay will focus on the second stage of the marketing process, segmentation. The essay will begin to discuss the importance of market segmentation and the bases used to segment target markets. Overall, the essay will evaluate Psychgraphic Segmentation as a basis for effective marketing in the UK car industry and the benefits and the limitations of psychographics will be viewed. In addition, use of other segmentation techniques will also be discussed to show where they are predominantly used or where they are used in conjunction with psychographics. Main body For marketing to be effective, a competitive advantage must be gained. This is accomplished through successful segmentation in order to enable markets to have a variety of product needs and preferences and to allow customer needs to be better defined. Psychographic segmentation is one type of segmentation technique which we will concentrate on. This type of segmentation divides the market into different groups based on social class, lifestyle and personality. This way of segmenting is an interesting way since it gets into how people think in terms of the activities, interests and opinions (AIO) of the people. Thus, by knowing the psychographics of ones customers enables industries to create the correct advertising message. The following table shows some examples of AIO of the people. Psychographics are used in practice in the marketing of cars. One of the variables of psychographics mentioned above which marketers look at is social class. Cars for upper social classes and for lower social classes will be different. It is more likely for example for BMWs to be targeted at lawyers rather than electricians. The Phaeton is the new Volkswagen luxury car which is being targeted at wealthy buyers. This type of car for example along with other such as Audi, Bentley, Bugatti and Lamborghini would only be targeted at those with a high paying job. Jaguar cars are examples of cars which are targeted by Ford at rich gay markets. This type of market is attracted to Jaguars since they have no children and their income is highly disposable. Luxury cars such as those mentioned would not attract non wealthy consumers. Buyers who cannot afford to spend money on cars would simply want any car to get them from one place to another and they wouldnt care about the style of the car. Ford caters for different social stratas. For example its Ka model may appeal most to the younger generation who dont have any family commit to. The Fiesta is aimed at first time drivers who are looking for a cheap car. The Galaxy model is ideal for families as its a people carrier car. Large families will obviously not go and buy a Ka or Fiesta they would buy a larger car such as the Galaxy. The 1. 7 TD Vauxhall Astras are practical family cars so they too would be aimed at consumers with families. The Astra 1. 7 TD is a fast car and can go along way without having to stop for fuel still making it an ideal family car for long drive trips and vacations. As can be seen, markets can be segmented so as to target products according to what the consumers opinion, interests and activities are. A further example of a car targeted at consumer interests is the Ford Puma. This sporty stylish car attracts and satisfies consumers who are into sport. Other segmentation techniques which are used in marketing include geographic demographic and behavioural segmentation. Geographic segmentation divides the market into different geographic units such as nations, countries, regions, cities, demographic into groups based on age, gender and income and behavioural based on occasions, benefit sought, user status, user rate and loyalty status. Demographic segmentation is used by car industries to target consumers. For example, luxury cars such as BMWs and Feraris will be targeted at those people who earn a high income. Also, different cars are targeted at different genders. For example, the Minis are more likely to be targeted at females rather then at males since it is a more feminine car. The stage in peoples life cycle affects marketing. More expensive cars could be targeted at newly married couples since they are more likely to spend money on cars. Occupation is another variable of demographics. People will tend to but cars suitable for their occupation. Geographic segmentation is also used for segmenting the car industry. A four wheel drive car for example is more likely to appeal to and attract consumers living in the country or near the mountains. Both geographic and demographic variables are relatively easy to measure and to get access to however they are not very successful. Why? Well lets take an example. Latino people are all different, listen to different music, eat at different restaurants, and drive different cars. An Asian male who lives in Los Angeles, will probably not like 80% of the same things as another Asian male in Los Angeles but might be an 85% match with a woman who lives in Britain. Relating this to cars, one of the men might like Honda cars like the woman in Britain however the other man might not. The example just described shows that demographics are poor indications of buying habits since they dont show what motivates the customers to purchase the product. Behavioural variables also lack showing what motivates people. They are observable however difficult to like to individuals. Due to the limitations of behavioral variables and demographics, companies have turned more to and are starting to analyze psychographics more. Psychographics allow us to more clearly understand consumers lifestyles and characteristics and give us more complete pictures of individuals thus making it easier to understand how to market products to them. Consumers behave unpredictably. Heath (1996) says that consumers demonstrate loyalties to brands (or not), blindly follow trends (or not), and buy according to their convictions and aspirations (or not). Individuals are innovators in some product categories, but not in others. What they say they do and what they really do are seldom the same (Heath, 1996). She also states that Psychographics help to clarify the behaviours which consumers exhibit. Another benefit to psychographics is that they minimize risks (Weinstein, 1994). Porsche is an example which uses psychographics. Using Demographics, Porshe targeted a homogenous group of male college graduates earning over i 100,000 per year and sold cars costing between i 20 and i 41 thousand to them however it turned out that the wrong people were being marketed. Porshe turned to using psychographics and segmented its market into groups according to the consumers characteristics as shown below: Top Guns: Driven, ambitious. Power and control matter. Want to be noticed. Elitists: Old money. A car is just a car, no matter how expensive. Proud: Ownership an end in itself earned by hard work, no need to be noticed. Bon Vivants: Worldly jet setters and thrill seekers. Car heightens the excitement in their already passionate lives Fantasists: Their car is an escape, uninterested in impressing others, may feel a little guilty about owning a Porsche. Taylor, 1995). By targeting the above different segments, Porshes sales increased. The new 911 Turbo is both fast and exciting and would target consumers who care about their ego. These consumers would probably go for colourful cars in order to attract attention. Apart from the benefits which psychographics possess, there are a number of limitations. Psychographics are not easy to measure and are not normally available from other resources. Researching for psychographics is often confusing and complex and according to Weinstein (1994), it can be very costly. Critics also claim that the categories psychographic research places consumers in overlaps so much that it does not differentiate among consumers1. Gunter (1992) also states that psychographic research can be lengthy and narrow, or unable to be projected onto an entire population. Despite these limitations, psychographics have been used as mentioned above in the examples. What has been found to be an even greater success for understanding consumer behaviour and achieving effective marketing is using psychographics in conjunction with demographics. Income, a demographic variable, plays a very important role in marketing segmentation since it has a great effect on and can change peoples lifestyles. The more money a consumer has the more luxurious his car would be. Gender and sex are two further demographic variables which are used in conjunction with psychographics. The Alpha Spider car used both demographics and psychographics to segment and target consumers. This car attracts buyers who like fast sporty and stylish cars which they can show off and impress others since it posses those features. At the same time, the Alpha Spider would target people with high incomes since only they would be able to afford such a car. This car is also more likely to target men rather than women. Women are more likely to go for more practical cars and features such as the speed of a car wouldnt matter so much to them however, this is not always true. There are some women out there who do like such cars. This last example shows that psychographics and demographics work effectively when used in conjunction with one another.

Billy Elliot Movie Review Film Studies Essay

Billy Elliot Movie Review Film Studies Essay Billy Elliot was on set during the UK miners strike in 1984- 1985. At that point of time, most families like Billy s believed that guys who danced are gays and that dancing are only meant for girls. However, guys made a history on stage instead of women. There is a stereotype view whereby a male dancer is gay, but in the movie, the character that plays the gay role, is not a dancer and that the one who is not gay became a dancer. This relates to the history of dance where male dancers were the ones who ruled the stage before the female dancers and that they were not gay where as those who were gay were not dancers. In the movie, Billy s friend Michael Caffery was the gay as he slowly developed feelings for Billy. However, Michael is not a dancer and dance was not an interest for him. He only supported Billy and encouraged Billy to pursue his dreams. Despite having men who danced in history, many later believed that guys are gays if they danced as ladies changed history when they dom inated the stage later on. In the movie, it was on set during the UK miners strike, this was a time when the peasants weren t doing very well financially. this could be seen in the village where the people lived. Billy s family lived in a house where there isn t room of every single person in the house, like Billy had to share a room with his brother Tony. This could be compared to the more well to do families in the different part of the village at Stepharina Chan 2 that time, was Billy s ballet teacher Georgia Wilkinson who lived in a pleasant looking house and drove a car. Billy s ballet teacher, Georgia belief in Billy gave Billy the chance to train for an audition for the royal academy of dance. As compared to Billy, he wanted to join the academy and audition for it, however, money was a big issue to him and also the fact that Billy s father, Jamie Elliot and Billy s brother, Tony Elliot were miners who went on strike and only gave Billy money for boxing lessons, they did not e xpect Billy to start dancing. As the both men were always not home, Billy had to take care of his grandmother, Billy has a responsibility to consider, Despite Georgia s interest in having to support Billy for the ballet school. At that period of time, people did not support the arts but as time passes and things change, arts developed and now, more people even come governments supported the arts industry. It became easier for anyone to join the arts with a passion and interest of their own and not according to what makes their families happy. In the beginning of the show, Jamie Elliot was quite puzzled as to why Billy liked to dance where the dance classes only had girls and that the other boys were happy going for boxing classes. As men started the history of dancing, yet at this period of time, men dancing became an issue and a problem. As dance hit the romantic era, ladies dominated the stage and men were just like status on stage as their only purpose was to lift the ladies in p artner work. As time slowly passes and men were rarely seen on stage, people tend to forget the past and believe to what was seen right then and now. The image of men being a dancer on stage was a joke at that period of time when Billy wanted to

Principles of autonomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Principles of autonomy - Essay Example In this regard, autonomy dos not license patients to make any detrimental decisions that would hurt them, the family or the society. The idea of autonomy is banked upon the fact that people have different views regarding their health, religion, and cultural issues. In this regard, the principle expects that autonomous decisions maximize the welfare of the patients. It is worth noting that patients are supported by family members and other people in the community. As a result, they expect positive health outcomes. It is unethical to betray the expectation of other people by making unwise decisions. Family members are a particularly concerned about the progress of their patient and hence it would be unfair to them, both emotionally and financially, to make decisions that harm their health. The harmful acts may also require additional treatment and care; a fact that would add on to the cost of healthcare and reduce the recovery time. Thus, patients must consider the impact of their autonomous decisions on others before taking

Iran and Iraeli Current Situation Research Paper

Iran and Iraeli Current Situation - Research Paper Example Iranian Nuclear Program - Historical Background Being launched in the 1970s under the Shah, the series of Iran’s ambitious nuclear projects heavily relied on the U.S. and European assistance – Iran had struck a deal with the West-German company, KWU, to build two 1Â  200 megawatt reactors and negotiated the construction of another two 900 megawatt reactors with the French ‘Framatome’ (Iran Watch, 2012). The goal set by the Shah had been for the country to produce over 20Â  000 megawatts of electricity from nuclear power stations within the next twenty years (Iran Watch, 2012). Following the revolution in 1979 and the war with Iraq that started in 1980, the nuclear energy program had been abandoned and the existing infrastructure – considerably damaged. However, since the late 1980s, Iran’s nuclear program had been revived and given a fresh impetus via the assistance from Russia and China (Iran Watch, 2012). ... Q. Khan (Iran Watch, 2012; Cronin, Kronstadt and Squassoni, 2005). Both actual progress and probable scope of Iran’s nuclear program became clear, to a degree or another, in 2003, when the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) conducted a series of safeguards inspections, along with verification of Iran’s activities in the area of uranium enrichment, intended to set off implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the country (IAEA, 2003). Having found no evidence of activities related to development of nuclear weapons by then, the Agency emphasized the necessity of further inspections, enough time and Iran’s full cooperation, in order to be able to conclude that Iran’ nuclear program is exclusively for peaceful purposes (IAEA, 2003). In 2004, however, Iran was rebuked for failing to cooperate with IAEA’s inquiry and agreed to suspend most of its uranium enrichment activity under a deal with the EU; nevertheless, uranium conversion was resu med at Isfahan plant in 2005, and Iran was accused of violation of NPT (Aljazeera, 2012). From 2005 to 2009, there were a series of breaches in Iran’s promises and the agreements with IAEA concerning the uranium enrichment activities, accompanied by sweeping U.S sanctions against the country, Iran’s rocket-test launches, including such of a of a long-range missile capable of reaching Israel, and a UN Security Council resolution on Iran’s uranium enrichment program (Aljazeera, 2012). Following the new disclosure of an underground enrichment facility at Fordow, nearby Qom, and Iran’s rejection of the international demand for freezing the project, several important developments took place in 2009, including an IAEA report that suggested for the first time Iran might be chasing